This paper shows that immigrants not only have differential effects on trade based on their skill levels but that they play an additional role in facilitating bilateral trade if their origin country has a higher level of corruption and weaker institutions. Using immigrant stock across skill...

This study examines the labor market impacts of Canada's 2014 reforms to the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP), which introduced stricter limits on hiring low-skilled foreign workers. Using a difference-in-differences framework with Labour Force Survey data from 2005 to 2019, we compare...

Die Studie untersucht die Herausforderungen, die aus den massiven Abgängen der Arbeitskräfte ab 55 Jahren in den nächsten 5 bis 10 Jahren resultieren können, sowie den zusätzlichen Bedarf in Berufen, insbesondere im Kontext von Digitalisierung, Ökologisierung und dem Ersatzbedarf in...

The H-1B program allows firms in the United States to temporarily hire foreign workers in specialty occupations. Demand outstrips supply, and the government allocates status through a random lottery. In September 2025, The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) proposed a new...

According to the skill-biased technological change theory, the technological intensity of the imported input used in manufacturing may affect labor demand. This study examines the impact of imported inputs with different technological intensities on the absolute and relative demand for skilled...

The Initiative for coal regions in transition has developed this toolkit as part of its knowledge products to assist practitioners in coal regions (including peat and oil shale regions) across Europe. The aim of this toolkit is to help stakeholders to address the upskilling and reskilling needs...

Job polarization has been proven mainly in the United States and many Western European countries, but the Czech Republic has been relatively neglected in these surveys. This paper explicitly focuses on the Czech Republic and fills this gap from 2004-2017. Moreover, the Czech Republic is examined...