(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted global trade, posing challenges for regional trade agreements …'s impact on trade creation and diversion during the pandemic, exploring how regional cooperation mitigated trade disruptions …-maximum likelihood, and the Heckman selection model, was employed. The gravity model of trade was applied to bilateral trade data from …

The Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) principle has historically been instrumental in promoting stability and equitable trade … conditions. In recent decades there has been a rise in bilateral and regional trade agreements, which deviate from the MFN … circumstances, raise trade barriers against imports for different reasons, including to counter unfair trade practices. Using a …

The main objective of the African Continental Free Trade Area is to eliminate trade barriers and boost intra …-Africa trade. This column argues that implementing the Trade Facilitation Agreement's provisions would be a powerful complement to … the free trade area's tariff-reduction agenda. A realistic implementation of TFA measures could reduce time in customs for …

South Africa-Africa trade was examined for 2001-2021 and results show that Africa is an important market for South … Africa's manufactured products and there is ease of market access for these products; its trade with Africa is highly … complementary; and it has strong trade linkages with Africa's regional groups. Current South Africa-Africa trade is a foundation …