Drawing upon the experience of a century, nations have constructed a customary international law for transboundary fresh water resources built around the principle of equitable utilisation. The earliest complete formulation of this body of law was as the Helsinki Rules on the Uses of...

This paper presents a comparative analysis of institutions (treaties, agreements) for the management of transboundary water resources. The nine river basins investigated are divided according to their level of cooperation and commitment to three categories the highly committed (Colorado, Niger,...