Chromium metal has unique properties and therefore finds large number of applications in industries like chrome-plating, steel and alloy, leather tanning and ammunition factories. These industries consequently, discharge large quantities of hexavalent chromium (Cr6 ) containing effluents. Since...

Governments may decide to control the export of unprocessed raw materials hoping that this will promote local downstream industries. There is scant empirical examination of the actual outcomes of such policies put in place. This paper describes use of export control measures by four...

The record price development in commodity markets during the economic boom period lasting from early 2000 to mid 2008 highlighted a perceived scarcity particularly in metal markets that contrasted the preceding period beginning in the late 1970s of largely abundant availability and falling real...

Unternehmenskonzentrationen im Weltbergbau warfen die Frage auf, ob die bisher problemlose Rohstoffversorgung der deutschen Wirtschaft über die Weltmärkte und ohne wesentliche eigene Rohstoffengagements im Ausland gefährdet werden könnte. In der Studie werden die Märkte von zehn...