In the 21st century, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as one of the most important factors with a major impact not only on the productivity and competitive advantage of companies, transforming labour, goods and services, and capital markets, but also influencing the growth of the global...

In the 21st century, artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as one of the most important factors with a major impact not only on the productivity and competitive advantage of companies, transforming labour, goods and services, and capital markets, but also influencing the growth of the global...

Empirical models of trade agreements implicitly assume that withdrawal from a trade agreement has an equal and opposite trade effect as accession, i.e., symmetry. With increasing opposition to international economic cooperation, it becomes urgent to test this assumption. We analyze a...

As governments across the world increasingly undergo digitalisation processes, ensuring cybersecurity of these provisions cannot be 100% guaranteed. How, then, can governments best respond to a cybersecurity crisis in order to bolster cybersecurity in the future? Even Estonia, one of the...

This study explores the economic feasibility and long-term potential of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems in multi-apartment buildings across the Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) through 2050. Using stochastic modeling and Monte Carlo simulations, it uniquely evaluates the...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Estonia examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

The VAT Gap represents the difference between expected VAT revenues and those actually collected, reflecting compliance challenges, policy inefficiencies, and enforcement gaps. As part of the European Commission's ongoing efforts to improve VAT compliance and revenue collection, these 27 country...

This report seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of Estonia's integration policy concerning the Roma, to assess the alignment of the policy with the EU Roma Strategic Framework, and identify areas for improvement. The findings are based on qualitative research, including interviews with Roma...

This case study is an analysis of the cross-border labour market in the EE Lääne-Eesti-LV Pieriga/Vidzeme Region. It studies the dynamics of the cross-border labour market from both a statistical and policy perspective and focuses on the cross-border region as a whole. To compensate for the...

The government that took office in April 2023 has stated its main objectives as ensuring Estonia's security, sustainability of public finances, implementing the green transition, decreasing regional disparities, ensuring high quality education, alleviating income inequality and improving the...