This paper leverages Sri Lanka's 2021 chemical fertilizer import ban to quantify the costs of restricted fertilizer access for agriculture, trade, and welfare. Leveraging trade and production data, satellite-based yield estimates, and event studies, we document sharp declines in fertilizer...

There has been an increase in fertilizer use among farmers in the semi-arid Tigray region of Ethiopia during 2006-2015. Our household panel data covering nine years show that the average fertilizer adoption rate had increased from about 31% of plots in 2006 to almost 67% in 2015. Likewise,...

This study analyzes monthly price data for urea, phosphate rock, diammonium phosphate (DAP), triple superphosphate (TSP), and potassium chloride from the World Bank, covering the period from January 1967 to September 2024. The objective is to investigate interdependencies among major fertilizer...