This note provides a conceptual framework to organize discussions of the appropriateness of the monetary policy stance and presents tools that country teams can employ to measure, report, and evaluate the stance of monetary policy. The note focuses exclusively on aggregate demand...

The Quantity Theory of Money claims to provide one of the few long-run guides to economic policy by providing specific numbers to characterise the correlation between money growth and inflation. Acceptance of the Quantity Theory has been greatly helped by the claim, propounded most effectively...

This study aimed to evaluate the conditional effect of exchange rate volatility on stock prices and returns in the emerging markets of BRICS nations. Using daily data from 1 January 2000 to 30 December 2023, wavelet and quantile analysis were conducted. The Markov-regime model was estimated for...