We show that plurilateral agreements facilitate global tariff liberalization by creating an MFN-based margin of cooperation that leaves preferential access via preferential trade agreements (PTAs) unchanged. In a model of endogenous trade agreement formation with farsighted governments, PTAs...

We show that plurilateral agreements facilitate global tariff liberalization by creating an MFN-based margin of cooperation that leaves preferential access via preferential trade agreements (PTAs) unchanged. In a model of endogenous trade agreement formation with farsighted governments, PTAs...

This paper presents a method for estimating treatment effects of local climate shocks when regions trade with each other. Because trade creates spillovers, comparing the change in outcomes of regions with different exposure to shocks leads to biased estimates. We model these between-region...

• we analyze plurilateral trade agreements that liberalize trade in particular products among a range of countries • the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) covers around 12% of global trade • our theory shows that such agreements can be a way forward for multilateral liberalization in...

This study takes stock of recent developments on digital payments in Thailand and ASEAN more broadly, explores the drivers and the potential benefits, analyzes the factors underlying the frequency of digital payment usage, and discusses the relevant policy considerations. ASEAN countries have...