After computing the Gini and Herfindahl-Hirschman indexes for exports and imports partner concentration for a set of 31 European countries between 1995 and 2023, we analyse the role of macroeconomic, institutional and uncertainty effects on the partner concentration (diversification) of exports...

We analyse changes in market structure in India between 2000 and 2020 using a rich dataset at high levels of disaggregation. We examine the extent to which business groups - notably family-owned groups - have maintained dominant market positions in the Indian economy. We focus on two key...

Using a text-based measure as a proxy for a firm’s geographically concentrated business interests, we document that geographic concentration reduces the probability of failure risk for newly listed firms. We find that the effect is more pronounced in soft information environments, and in small...

Concentration of economic power is usually frowned upon because its social and political effects are substantial and undesirable. On the flip side one can argue that concentration provides the necessary scale to compete in international markets. Researchers use concentration measures like the...

The Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) appears to be the most widely used index of market or industrial concentration. It is a summary measure that indicates the degree of competition, market power, and efficiency within a market or an industry. The HHI is also used by government agencies when...