The US government in 2025 imposed a $100,000 tax on each high-skill foreign worker entering with an H-1B work visa. The only public economic justification calculates the tax to offset an estimated wage penalty for H-1B workers relative to US natives. But this estimate suffers from substantial...

This study examines how automation, measured by industrial robot adoption and artificial intelligence (AI) exposure, is associated with labor market and production outcomes across Europe. Using a panel dataset covering 32 European countries and 18 industries from 1994 to 2019, we analyze the...

Many workers value purpose and meaning in their jobs alongside income, and firms need to align these preferences with profit goals. This paper develops a dynamic model in which firms invest in ”purpose” to enhance job meaning and motivate effort. Workers, who differ in productivity, choose...

This study examines how automation, measured by industrial robot adoption and artificial intelligence (AI) exposure, is associated with labor market and production outcomes across Europe. Using a panel dataset covering 32 European countries and 18 industries from 1994 to 2019, we analyze the...

We study how the speed of AI adoption affects labor market outcomes during technological transitions. In a dynamic model where displaced routine workers enter a retraining pipeline with finite capacity, faster adoption compresses the displacement window without reducing total displacement,...

Der Beitrag entwickelt ein theoretisches Konzept arbeitspolitischer Öffentlichkeit zur Analyse der politischen Strukturierung von Erwerbsarbeit im Kontext der Transformation. Ausgehend von der Diagnose einer Leerstelle in der politischen Theorie wird die Bedeutung von Arbeit für demokratische...

Specialization in labor-intensive export crops, such as organic cocoa, can exacerbate gender inequality if production and revenues fall under men's control and the additional labor burden falls on women. However, evidence on the implications for women's empowerment in value chains that combine...