The rapid evolution of the global economy, driven by digitization and modularization, has outpaced existing theoretical tools. This paper proposes a unified analytical framework for understanding the complexity of digital industries through the lens of Massive Modular Ecosystems. To...

Promotion of transnational strategies is inevitable for multinational companies, but a fundamental challenge is the resolution of the dilemma between cost reduction and local adaptation (responsiveness). This exploratory case study investigates this issue and motivates that a modular strategy...

Purpose Providing high-quality and cost-efficient care of older people is an important development priority for many health and social care systems in the world. This paper suggests a shift from acute, episodic and reactive hospital-centered care toward longitudinal, person-centered and...