When a publicly-traded company files for bankruptcy protection, its smallest investors — typically individual retail shareholders — may struggle to understand the nature of the proceedings and whether and to what extent they may participate in the case. Although shareholders increasingly...

"This book provides a thorough and up-to-date account of what is state-of-the-art in the field of contracts relating to selected financial services such as insurance, loans and payments services. It also explores the resolution of disputes arising out of such contracts by ADR bodies in Europe,...

This article explores the possible involvement of tax specialist ombudsmen in the mutual agreement procedure (MAP). With the current level of development of the MAP still facing criticism for a lack of efficiency and transparency, and the arbitration only being adopted by a handful of states,...

In the 2008 aftermath, the European Central Bank (ECB) acquired new mandates and policy instruments to assure financial stability. With growing powers, there is a correspondent demand for transparency of its decisions. This research presents an account on how and in which conditions the European...

The EU’s approach to fake news, as epitomised by the European External Action (EEAS) Service East Stratcom Disinformation Review, violates the rights to freedom of expression and due process of those accused of distributing disinformation. The EU Disinformation Review is a publication of the...

This paper is about the investigative powers of the National ombudsman of the Netherlands. It describes the legal context of own initiative investigations and the relevant provisions of the three pieces of legislation on the basis of which the ombudsman operates: article 78a of the Constitution,...