We propose a unified economic model of sexual exchanges that treats both unpaid and paid sex as outcomes of individual time allocation decisions. Departing from existing literature that separates sex into marital relations or specialized markets, the model incorporates relational skills, gender...

We develop a rational choice model of sexual exchange that unifies marriage and paid sex, explaining two key facts: the gendered segregation of sex markets and the decline in sexual activity and fertility. Individuals choose whether to engage in paid or unpaid sex based on income, human capital,...

Adema et al. (2025a) critically reassesses the findings of Ciacci (2024), arguing that the reported effects result from statistical errors and flawed empirical implementation. This response systematically addresses those claims by applying their proposed methodology to the corrected sample...

The article Banning the Purchase of Sex Increases Cases of Rape: Evidence from Sweden" claims that Sweden's 1999 criminalization of buying sex increased rape by 44-62% (Ciacci, 2024). This finding is surprising given the flat time trend in reported rapes around the reform year. We show that...

In his comment on our replication of Ciacci (2024), Ciacci (2025b) again finds large and statistically significant treatment effects on rape from Sweden's ban on sex purchases. These estimates derive from overfitted control functions and incorrect clustering in the regression discontinuity in...

This leaflet aims to raise awareness of the challenges identified by Eurojust in judicial cooperation regarding legal qualifications and the interpretation of facts constituting the offence of trafficking in human beings (THB) for sexual exploitation and related crimes.

This leaflet aims to raise awareness of the challenges identified by Eurojust in judicial cooperation regarding legal qualifications and the interpretation of facts constituting the offence of trafficking in human beings (THB) for sexual exploitation and related crimes.