imely assessment of regional economic activity in Ukraine is severely constrained by institutional and data-related limitations. Official regional gross regional product (GRP) statistics are available only at low frequency, are published with substantial delays, and, in the post-2022 period, are...

This paper studies the impact of the European Union's Digital Markets Act (DMA) on user search behavior and traffic to online mapping services, focusing on recent changes to Google's search results page. In January 2024, Google altered the display of location-based queries for EU users by...

This article examines the applicability of the Digital Services Act (DSA) to ChatGPT, arguing that it should be classified as a hybrid of the two types of hosting services: online search engines and platforms. This requires classifying search engines as hosting services, which we show is...

This paper introduces the concept of the superplatform to analyse and regulate Google's online advertising ecosystem. As the operator of the world's largest ad exchanges, Google often escapes regulatory oversight and scholarly scrutiny. The superplatform is conceptualised as an integrated...

This paper studies a model of search engine competition with endogenous obfuscation. Platforms may differ in the quality of their search algorithms. I study the impact of this heterogeneity in consumer surplus, seller profits and platform revenue. I show that the dominant platform will typically...

Sustainability tags offer a simple and efficient way to communicate the sustainability performance of products. Research has shown that generic sustainability tags can help consumers to choose more sustainable products. However, the effectiveness of different approaches to sustainability tags in...

User research shows that Ecosia users desire guidance on sustainable lifestyles when searching for information on the green search engine. However, it is important to better understand the sustainability information needs of different user groups to design compelling environmentally-related...

Rapid development of generative artificial intelligence chatbots like ChatGPT is leading search engine providers to move from search to answer engines. Unlike search engines, which provide search results in the form of blue links to content creators, answer engines generate personalised answers...

Environmental concerns may influence cryptocurrency prices. Investors' information acquisition regarding environmental issues linked to cryptocurrency mining plays an important role in the pricing of cryptocurrencies. The volume of Google searches for environmental issues related to...