This study analyzes the direct effects and local spillovers of a low-cost multifaceted economic inclusion program through a randomized controlled trial in Chad. The intervention included group savings promotion, micro-entrepreneurship training, and a lump-sum cash grant delivered to poor female...

The Country Opinion Survey in Chad assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better understanding how stakeholders in Chad perceive the WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from national and local governments, multilateral and bilateral agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and...

Chad is a fragile state facing daunting development challenges. One of the least developed countries in the world, it has been affected by severe shocks, including floods, the continuous arrival of refugees from Sudan, security threats, and food insecurity. With the end of the political...

The Global Compact on Refugees recognizes the importance of responsibility sharing for hosting, protecting, and assisting refugees, while emphasizing the potential of economic participation to reduce the cost of humanitarian assistance. This note explores the relative importance of aid in caring...

Convergence is the merging or coming together of separate elements. In the realm of social protection, this translates into the effective coordination and alignment of different humanitarian and development initiatives toward a shared national vision. Convergence between humanitarian operations...

Since his election in 2017, President Emmanuel Macron has tried to distance himself from established and widely criticised patterns of France's Africa policy. He diversified relations with Africa in regional and substantive terms, integrated non-state actors and cultivated a comparatively open...