Recently, Ross showed that it is possible to recover an objective measure from a risk-neutral measure. His model assumes that there is a finite-state Markov process X that drives the economy in discrete time. Many authors extended his model to a continuous-time setting with a Markov diffusion...

The purpose of this article is to describe all possible beliefs of market participants on objective measures under Markovian environments when a risk-neutral measure is given. To achieve this, we employ the Martin integral representation of Markovian pricing kernels. Then, we offer economic and...

In this article, we investigate the behavior of long-term options. In many cases, option prices follow an exponential decay (or growth) rate for further maturity dates. We determine under what conditions option prices are characterized by this property. To see this, we use the martingale...

The risk premium is one of main concepts in mathematical finance. It is a measure of the trade-offs investors make between return and risk and is defined by the excess return relative to the risk-free interest rate that is earned from an asset per one unit of risk. The purpose of this article is...

This paper studies the long-term growth rate of expected utility from holding a leveraged exchanged-traded fund (LETF), which is a constant proportion portfolio of the reference asset. Working with the power utility function, we develop an analytical approach that employs martingale extraction...

This paper presents a generic probabilistic approach to study elasticities and sensitivities of financial quantities under stochastic volatility models. We describe the shock elasticity, the quantile sensitivity and the vaga value of cash flows with respect to perturbation of the volatility...

We quantify the sensitivity of the Eisenberg-Noe clearing vector to estimation errors in the bilateral liabilities of a financial system. The interbank liabilities matrix is a crucial input to the computation of the clearing vector. However, in practice central bankers and regulators must often...

We develop a novel framework for computing the total valuation adjustment (XVA) of a European claim accounting for funding costs, counterparty credit risk, and collateralization. Based on no-arbitrage arguments, we derive the nonlinear backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs)...

We study the semilinear partial differential equation (PDE) associated with the non-linear BSDE characterizing buyer's and seller's XVA in a framework that allows for asymmetries in funding, repo and collateral rates, as well as for early contract termination due to counterparty credit risk. We...

We discuss the possibility of obtaining model-free bounds on volatility derivatives, given present market data in the form of a calibrated local volatility model. A counter-example to a wide-spread conjecture is given.