This paper discusses the UK's concurrency arrangements under which sector regulators can apply aspects of competition law to their industry. It is frequently claimed that concurrency is a unique aspect of UK competition policy. However, this paper argues that it arose during the 1980s as one...

This paper discusses the role of affordability in the economic regulation of the retail markets of network infrastructure industries – railways, electricity, water and telecommunications/ICT. The paper first considers the rise of these industries after 1800 from serving a small number of...

This paper discusses the role of affordability in the development of economic regulation from the emergence of railway regulation in the 1840-60 period. It also covers the regulatory responses to the development of network telecoms, electricity and the water and sewerage industries, primarily in...