The Gross National Income (GNI) is often used as an indicator for a country’s living standards. Yet, it does not record unilateral transfers and notably remittances, which in the last decades have gained growing importance as a source of income for developing countries. Gross National...

Measuring the standards of living is a fundamental concern in economics and particularly in the eld of development. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the most widely accepted measure for a country's economic size and performance, but in recent years the Gross National Income (GNI) has gained...