We study preferences over lotteries in which both the prize and the payment date are uncertain. In particular, atime lotteryis one in which the prize is fixed but the date is random. With Expected Discounted Utility, individuals must be riskseekingover time lotteries (RSTL). In an incentivized...

Many violations of the independence axiom of expected utility can be traced to subjects' attraction to risk‐free prospects. The key axiom in this paper, negative certainty independence ([Dillenberger, 2010]), formalizes this tendency. Our main result is a utility representation of all...

In 'experience-weighted attraction' (EWA) learning, strategies have attractions which reflect initial predispositions, are updated based on payoff experience, and determine choice probabilities according to some rule (e.g., logit). EWA includes reinforcement learning and weighted fictitious play...

The authors find that subjects' behavior in an incomplete-information, repeated-game experiment is roughly a sequent ial equilibrium. The deviations from sequential equilibrium can be ex plained by the existence of a "homemade prior" probability (about 1 7 percent) that players will cooperate...