The further expansion of plantations in Indonesia is expected to exacerbate existing and create new conflicts over land and forest resources which can have detrimental impacts on local communities, plantation companies and government. Mediation facilitated by a third-party is widely considered...

Participation is viewed as an important means for promoting the sustainable management of natural resources. However, participation is not always successful. Conflicting values and power inequalities are all factors that can severely undermine participatory processes. Where so far the main focus...

Community–outsider conflict is widespread in Southeast Asia with important consequences for people and forests. Understanding the causes and impacts of community–outsider conflict can provide important insights into improving forest governance. This study analyzes seven community–outsider...