China's rapid credit expansion in 2009-10 brought local government financing platforms (LGFPs) into the spotlight. This paper discusses their function, reasons behind their recent expansion, and risks they are posing to the financial sector, local governments, and sovereign balance sheet. This...

Since the start of the 2008 - 09 financial crisis, the Polish Overnight Index Average (POLONIA) has persistently been below the policy rate, suggesting a limited influence of the NBP's open market operations on the short-term interbank rate. In this regard, this paper analyzes the behavior of...

Country practices towards managing financial risks on a sovereign balance sheet continue to evolve. Each crisis period, and its legacy on sovereign balance sheets, reaffirms the need for strengthening financial risk management. This paper discusses some salient features embedded in in the...

Many developing economies are heavily exposed to commodity markets, leaving them vulnerable to the vagaries of international commodity prices. This paper examines the use of commodity options-including plain vanilla, risk reversal, and barrier options-to hedge such risk. It then proposes the use...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. A BRIEF PRIMER ON COLLATERALIZED DEBT OBLIGATIONS -- III. DEFAULT PROBABILITY AND DEFAULT CORRELATION, IN STCDOS -- IV. IDIOSYNCRATIC AND SYSTEMIC RISK IN STCDO TRANCHES -- V. DATA AND EMPIRICAL FRAMEWORK -- VI. RESULTS -- VII. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES.