Data quality is crucial for operational efficiency and sound decision making. This paper focuses on believability, a major aspect of quality, measured along three dimensions: trustworthiness, reasonableness, and temporality. We ground ourapproach on provenance, i.e. the origin and subsequent...

Data quality is crucial for operational efficiency and sound decision making. This paper focuses on believability, a major aspect of data quality. The issue of believability is particularly relevant in the context of Web 2.0, where mashups facilitate the combination of data from different...

One of the appealing features of artificial intelligence is the ability to come up with the “right” answer automatically, faster and more reliably than humans. In many cases, the right answer is singular and unambiguous, such as 2 + 2 = 4 (3.9 or 4.1 are close, but not right.). But, as is...

Physical control systems are increasingly controlled by reconfigurable, network-enabled devices to increase flexibility and ease commissioning and maintenance. Such capability creates vulnerabilities. Devices may be remotely reprogrammed by a malicious actor to act in unintended ways, causing...

In the aftermath of the 9/11 tragedy it has became clear that the lack of effective information exchange among government agencies hindered the capability of identifying potential threats and preventing terrorism actions. It has been noted by the National Research Council that Although there are...

The web is undoubtedly the largest and most diverse repository of data, but it was not designed to offer the capabilities of traditional data base management systems - which is unfortunate. In a true data federation, all types of data sources, such as relational databases and semi-structured...

The availability of data on the web and the improvement of technologies have made it increasingly easy to reuse existing data to create new databases and provide valueadded services. Meanwhile, initial database creators have been seeking legal protection for their data. After presenting a brief...

One of the challenges of dealing with multiple contexts is the significant effort required to provide all necessary lifting rules so that statements in one context can be viewed and understood in other contexts. In this paper, we introduce the notion of structured contexts, where a lightweight...

In this paper, we use feature extraction and data analysis techniques for the elucidation of patterns and trends in technological innovation. In studying innovation, we focus on the role of public research institutions (research universities and national laboratories) in the development of new...

Technological advances such as Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) have increased the feasibility and importance of effectively integrating information from an ever widening number of systems within and across enterprises. A key difficulty of achieving this goal comes from the pervasive...