took advantage of existing cleavages in the country at the time of their election-driven by inequality in the case of Lula …

relation with earnings and polarization, and inequality. We show some evidence of polarization in earnings but not with respect … explain most of the reduction in inequality in the period between 2003 and 2012, while changes in composition dominate the … rise in inequality in the period between 2012 and 2019. Both movements are dominated by changes in educational levels and …

city's sociospatial inequality, degradation of the central districts and widespread irregularity, it illustrates how these …