The paper originates from the casual observation that the application of the Devereux and Griffith methodology to calculate bilateral effective average tax rates (BEATRs) leads to results indicating that BEATRs for German outbound investment increased sharply from 1999 to 2001, despite a marked...

In a simplified model GDP growth depends on the demand effect of private investment growth and on the growth of the private savings ratio. In a generalized model private investment (IP) has to be supplemented by the trade balance (E) and the budget deficit (D), their sum being termed NPCE...