Arabic Abstract: إنّه العام الثًامن للأزمة السورية (الحرب على سورية)، الذي ظهرت فيه بوادر انتهائها وأصبحنا بحاجة ماسة لتطبيق خطة تعافٍ وإنعاش على جميع الأصعدة، ليس فقط كي...

Catastrophes in Sudan are of many dimensions. Food security is a chronic and intrinsic problem in Sub Saharan Africa which is a fact recognized by the international society. Political instability, civil wars and finally recent secession of its Southern part is another fact which may be taken as...

Micro, small and medium sized enterprises (M/SMEs) are a dynamic force for sustained economic growth and job creation. They are a valid, crucial component of a vibrant industrial society.M/SMEs stimulate private ownership and entrepreneurial skills; they are flexible and can adapt quickly to...

Most developing and underdeveloped countries beside Sudan suffer from the low levels of income in addition to the low savings that are result from the lack of sophisticated savings channels. Hence, the investment depends on the individual's abilities on self savings, where the investment is...

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Egypt represent the greatest share of the productive units of the Egyptian economy, the current national policy directions address ways and means of developing the capacities of SMEs. This paper reviews the role of The Developmental Role of SMEs in Egyptian...

During wars and domestic disturbances, currencies value tend to fluctuate. This raises the inevitable question of how debts should be repaid; shall the depreciation in the currency value be taken into account so that the debtor shall be required to repay an excess to the debt to compensate the...

During wars and domestic disturbances, currencies value tend to fluctuate. This raises the inevitable question of how debts should be repaid; shall the depreciation in the currency value be taken into account so that the debtor shall be required to repay an excess to the debt to compensate the...

The present paper is part of unpublished book divided into three interrelated manuscripts that analyze the collapse of the Sudan. The current paper conclude that the decision of the International Criminal Court to arrest President Bashir triggered a process for the disintegration of an...

This paper examines the concept of hegemony and its historical impacts on the Arabic and Islamic countries. It is foreseen that has long path applied by the Western countries as disclosed by trade applications and history of economic thought. Impacts on Arabic and Islamic countries were visible...

Since the founding of modern Iraqi state , Experience economic indicates to the failure of governments, to varying degrees, in the application of economic policies and strategies capable of building a strong economy capable of correcting structural imbalances principal believes sustained...