Es wird ein Modell präsentiert, in dem ein Teil der Bevölkerung straffällig wird.Die Neigung zur Kriminalität hängt von der Wahrscheinlichkeit ab, entdeckt zuwerden, sowie von den Opportunitätskosten, falls man entdeckt wird. Der Staatkann diese Variablen durch Strafverfolgungsmaßnahmen...

In this paper, citizens vote in order to influence the election outcome and in order to signal their unobserved characteristics to others. The model is one of rational voting and generates the following predictions: (i) The paradox of not voting does not arise, because the benefit of voting does...

When grades lose their informative value because the percentage of students receiving the best grade rises without any corresponding increase in ability, this is called grade inflation. Conventional wisdom says that such grade inflation is unavoidable since it is essentially costless to award...