The concept of path independence (PI) was first introduced by Arrow (1963) as a defense of his requirement that collective choices be rationalized by a weak ordering. Plott (1973) highlighted the dynamic aspects of PI implicit in Arrow's initial discussion. Throughout these investigations two...

Contemporary cinema and video games express considerable skepticism toward the colonization of further planets. Contemporary films including Elysium and Passengers depict space travel as the prolongation of inequalities within human civilization, while others such as Gravity and The Martian...