This paper investigates the transmission mechanisms of noise and volatility between economies through trade links, and the effects of synchronization on business cycles. We investigate the transmission of outside noise and the fluctuations that the noise generates. We identify conditions under...

This study refers to the earlier work of analysis in the frequency domain. A different definition of causality is made, and its implications to the general idea of causality are discussed. The causality relationship between two monetary aggregates, simple sum and Divisia indices, and their...