Coastal cities are exposed to high risks due to climate change, as they are potentially affected by both rising sea levels and increasingly intense and frequent coastal storms. Socio-economic drivers also increase exposure to natural hazards, accelerate environmental degradation, and require...

This paper is based on ongoing research being carried out in the context of the ADAM project (ADaptation And Mitigation strategies: supporting European climate policy), funded by the European Commission. While initial responses to the challenges of climate change concentrated on mitigation, in...