The climate neutrality of air and sea transport can hardly be achieved without the accelerated use of almost GHG-neutral fuels. Such fuels are generated from renewable electricity and are thus called electro fuels or (synthetic) e-fuels. To illustrate how these e-fuels can be made available and...

This report examines how, and under which circumstances different forms of financing are suitable for results- or transfer-based mechanisms for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation as well as enhancing removals in forests (REDD+) in the context of different countries and...

On the basis of a literature review, this paper outlines the main mitigation options for agricultural activities and the broader food system on the supply and the demand side. Economic, policy/legal barriers, technical barriers, socio-cultural barriers, institutional barriers as well as...

The generation of electricity and heat is the largest single activity covered by the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). Due to the interconnectedness, the difference in the emission intensity of the different fuels and their configuration in a competitive marginal cost pricing market, power...

Iron and steelmaking is the industrial sector with the highest absolute CO2 emissions covered by the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). This report aims to describe key developments of the sector in the period from 2005 to 2019. It identifies key drivers behind the trends in...

Die Einhaltung von Sozialstandards und Menschenrechten in den globalen Lieferketten ist von großer Bedeutung. Vor diesem Hintergrund berücksichtigen Umweltzeichen wie Blauer Engel zunehmend soziale und menschenrechtliche Belange bei der Entwicklung von Vergabekriterien. In diesem Vorhaben...

To date, processes to implement the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and international climate change mitigation and adaptation obligations are largely disconnected in most countries. This creates administrative overlaps, costs and hampers the development of effective problem...

The international community is negotiating a new global climate agreement to be applicable from 2020 onwards. Parties aim at signing the agreement in December 2015, at the Conference of Parties (COP) in Paris. Until then, countries are already preparing proposals for their individual...

Sektorale Ziele werden als eine Möglichkeit diskutiert, das Risiko von Wettbewerbsverzerrungen und Carbon Leakage infolge von asymmetrischen Klimapolitiken oder klimapolitischen Zielen zu mindern (vgl. Baron et al. 2008, 2009; Fujiwara 2010, Center for Clean Air Policy 2010). Asymmetrien können in...