Nonprofit organizations in transition countries experience low trust and consequently low income from donations. The study introduces one particular solution to the problem, ¨ certification, and examines its impact on the quality of the nonprofit organizations in the market. The situation is...

Nonprofit organizations in transition countries experience low trust and consequently low income from donations. The study introduces one particular solution to the problem, ¨ certification, and examines its impact on the quality of the nonprofit organizations in the market. The situation is...

Theory and empirics suggest that by curbing competition, incumbent electricity companies which used to be, and here are referred to as, Vertically Integrated Utilities (VIUs), can increase their profitability through combined ownership of generation and transmission and/or distribution networks....