By relaxing the common efficiency wage assumption of exogenous shirking detection probabilities, we demonstrate how standards and efficiency wages are related. In a more general setting where the probability of detection depends upon the equilibrium effort level of non-shirkers, we show that the...

We build a model of worker interdependence in which two workers can either compete or cooperate and compare performance under either scenario to that of a single worker working in isolation. We show that whilst competition unequivocally reduces performance, cooperation may raise or lower...

The traditional Becker/Arrow model of taste discrimination in pay depicts majority and minority labour as perfectly substitutable, implying that all workers perform precisely the same job assignment and have the same qualifications. The model is thus only appropriate for determining whether...

The authors investigate the effects on absenteeism of two types of employee sharing plans-profit-sharing and employee share ownership-in 127 French firms over the years 1981-91. Both types of plan were associated with statistically significant reductions in absenteeism. Most effective was the...

Instrumental efficiency wage models predict an inverse relationship between wages and supervision with this relationship being more pronounced amongst firms participating in employee sharing. My theoretical exposition predicts that an increase in remuneration reduces monitoring more in "sharing"...

Investigates the shape of experience-earnings profiles across gender. Given that self-employment offers both an alternative to unemployment and potentially flexible – and thereby attractive to female labour market participants – working arrangements, estimates separate profiles for employees...

The authors investigate the effects on absenteeism of two types of employee sharing plans—profit-sharing and employee share ownership—in 127 French firms over the years 1981–91. Both types of plan were associated with statistically significant reductions in absenteeism. Most...