a 0.1 standard deviation increase in test scores, but only for girls. We show that a reason for the gender … differentiated impacts is that the water reform induces parents to make complementary investments in education that favor girls … water provision to narrow test score gaps across countries and, within countries, across gender. …

, and the relative chances of girls surviving after birth. We find a moderation of son-biased fertility, erosion of gender …

-2005. The analysis finds a narrowing of the gender gap in under-5 mortality rates, in line with surviving girls being more … mechanisms finds a narrowing of gender gaps in parental investments in children, moderation of son-biased fertility stopping, and …