In this study, we use data from the Federal Reserve’s 1993, 1998 and 2003 Surveys of Small Business Finances to classify small businesses into four groups based upon their credit needs and to model the credit allocation process into a sequence of three steps. First, do firms need credit? We...

This study examines how consolidation activity in the credit union system may impact small business lending. Drawing on Canadian provincial-level data over the period 1992-2009, it provides systematic evidence which suggests that the size of credit unions has a statistically significant negative...

This study empirically evaluates the impact of consolidation activity in the credit union system on the rate of business formation. Drawing on Canadian provincial-level data over the period 1992-2009, it provides evidence which suggests that consolidation activity is unlikely to hurt business...

This study empirically evaluates the impact of consolidation activity in the credit union system on the rate of business formation at the regional level. A theoretical framework is developed which supports a number of hypotheses. First, it is hypothesized that there is no systematic relationship...

Résumé: Sur un panel de 14 pays de la région Moyen Orient, Afrique du Nord (MENA), le présent papier examine si le développement financier entraîne un effet considérable sur le développement de l’entrepreneuriat en facilitant l’émergence de nouvelles entreprises. Les résultats...

India's micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) serve as a critical engine of employment and economic growth, yet they face persistent credit gaps, particularly among unincorporated and high-growth micro-enterprises known as Hired Worker Enterprises (HWEs). Existing interventions have...