which takes into accountchanges in export and domestic demand and market clearing price. It optimizes the supply of … already have significant income effects to agriculturalproducers. We simulated effects of pig meat export bans of different … degrees due to livestockepidemics. Full closure of export markets for six months cost pig sector €21 million. …

pricing model on price and payoff autocorrelations. We obtain the approximations of the basic pricing equation that describe … the mean price “to-day,” mean payoff “next-day,” price and payoff volatilities, and price and payoff autocorrelations. The …

linear and quadratic Taylor approximations, we derive new expressions for the mean price, mean payoff, volatility, skewness …, and the asset’s amount that define the maximum of the investor’s utility. We discuss the market-based origin of price … probability. We use volume weighted average price (VWAP) as a market-based average price and introduce market-based price …

evaluate substitutability and price sensitivity. However, these models face limitations, including challenges with endogeneity …

hypothesises on the properties of the ’correct’ price pattern which translates accurately the underlying moves in the supply …/demand balance and the nominal price, then mathematical measures were derived allowing to estimate the efficiency of a given trading …

support our previous findings for such principal categories as energy, food, housing, etc. One should return to relative price …