Background: We investigated the determination of the pledged loan-to-value ratio in an optionpricing environment and mainly articulated the theoretical framework and analytical method. Methods: The basic idea is that the present value of the pledged loan payoff is equal to a put option's...

The availabilities of debt for Chinese firms have been increased since 2008 due to the expansionary monetary policies. These policies triggered concerns over the impact of debt financing on firms' technological innovation activities. Based on a sample of 225 listed computer and...

This work aims to investigate the (inter)relations of information arrival, news sentiment, volatilities and jump dynamics of intraday returns. Two parametric GARCH-type jump models which explicitly incorporate both news arrival and news sentiment variables are proposed, among which one assumes...