This paper presents the latest update of the World Bank Bank Regulation and Supervision Survey, and explores two questions. First, were there significant differences in regulation and supervision between crisis and non-crisis countries? Second, what aspects of regulation and supervision changed...

The global financial crisis has highlighted the importance of early identification of weak banks: when problems are identified late, solutions are much more costly. Until recently, Europe has seen only a small number of outright bank failures, which made the estimation of early warning models...

The study examines empirical relationships between income inequality and three features of finance: depth (financial sector size relative to the economy), inclusion (access to and use of financial services by individuals and firms), and stability (absence of financial distress). Using new data...

This paper presents the latest update of the World Bank Bank Regulation and Supervision Survey, and explores two questions. First, were there significant differences in regulation and supervision between crisis and non-crisis countries? Second, what aspects of regulation and supervision changed...

The recent financial turmoil and the bailouts of some large financial institutions in the US and Europe have raised major concerns that the increased size and complexity of financial institutions may give rise to negative ramifications for systemic risk. In this paper, we investigate whether...

How do government interventions such as blanket guarantees, liquidity support, recapitalizations, and nationalizations affect banking competition? This question is important because the pricing of banking products has implications for consumer welfare. Exploiting data for 124 countries that...