The harmonisation of the university educational systems at a European level has experienced a boost since the late 1990s with the implementation of the so-called “Bologna Process”, which had the aim to introduce a more transparent and comparable system of university degrees, fostering...

In a phase of depression and systemic crisis investments are essential assets in organizing the recovery, and the more so when innovation is relevant. This is why universities, companies, households and graduates implement strategies for overcoming the present crisis, leading to structural...

Eleven years after the Bologna Declaration and nine since Italy implemented its University reform, it is not too soon to assess its results. We can now look at “the way we were” and compare the characteristics and performance of graduates under the old and the new systems. The aim is to...