The purpose of this article is to discuss the risks for Chinese companies that are interested in pursuing international business opportunities. Drawing from personal industry experience, experience teaching Chinese entrepreneurs/managers in China, and marketing management class lectures, I...

Firms are pressured to operate globally to reap the benefits of other locations through foreign investment. This phenomenon occurs not only among multinational enterprises from developed countries but also younger multinational enterprises from developing countries. Various factors induce them...

Both the outward direct investment (ODI) from emerging market economies and industrial upgrading are new topics in economic research. Most research on these two topics has been done separately so far. Chinas emergence as a major ODI nation and urgent requirement for domestic industrial upgrading...

This text presents a critical review of theoretical approaches to Foreign Direct Investment. Since, in recent years, the contribution of emerging markets to FDIhas increased (especially on less advanced markets), it is interesting to define how the existing theory can explain the new players...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the number of minority international joint ventures (MIJVs) formed and the level of internationalization attained in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We argue that this is an inverted U-shaped...

Using a sample of 3,770 Chinese listed firms during the period 2015-2020, we find that afirm’s ESG rating is positively associated with its foreign sales ratios. The higher-ratedmultinational corporations (MNCs) have more foreign subsidiaries located in countries withstricter environmental and...

Purpose – Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs) tend to face a high level of institutional pressures in regions with high institutional development level. When complying with institutional pressures, firms try to make decisions to maximize profit while minimizing the risks to them. The purpose of...

This paper investigates the effect of mandatory corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of Chinese listed companies. Employing the propensity score matching (PSM) and difference-in-differences (DID) methods to alleviate endogeneity concerns,...

In this paper, we focus on the internationalization strategies implemented by Middle Size Multinational Enterprises (MMNE) in Chinese markets. We assume that these strategies differs from those of the large multinational companies. Differences explained by the size of the company (medium)...