This report is an update of the previous Reference Scenario published in 2013. It focuses on the EU energy system, transport and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission developments, including specific sections on emission trends not related to energy, and on the various interactions among policies in...

The objective of this study is to provide insights into the development of the trans-European energy infrastructure in the transition period 2030-2050. In particular, the study focusses on the development of the electricity grid, dedicated hydrogen networks incl. repurposing existing natural gas...

The third annual report of the Market Observatory for Energy focuses on the main developments of the energy markets in Europe. Including 2008 and 2009 statistical data, it represents Europe's energy position and it contains a detailed description of the evolution of energy production, final...

This document summarises the results of all project tasks and deliverables completed by the European Union Energy Poverty Observatory (EPOV), a European Commission (EC) supported initiative to help Member States (MS) in their efforts to combat energy poverty and achieve a just and sustainable...

Europe's energy infrastructure is the central nervous system of our economy. EU energy policy goals, as well as the Europe 2020 economic aims, will not be achievable without a major shift in the way European infrastructure is developed. Rebuilding our energy system for a low-carbon future is not...