This paper examines several recent avenues of empirical research into the enforcement of" intellectual property rights. To frame these issues, we start with a stylized model of the patent" litigation process. The bulk of the paper is devoted to linking the empirical literature on patent"...

Poverty maps provide information on the spatial distribution of living standards. They are an important tool to policymakers, who rely on them to allocate transfers and inform policy design. This article uses the case of Ecuador to demonstrate how sample survey data can be combined with census...

We model early expectations about the value and technological importance ('quality') of a patented innovation as a latent variable common to a set of four indicators: the number of patent claims, forward citations, backward citations and family size. The model is estimated for four technology...