The risk perceived by investors is crucial in the decision to invest, in particular when it concerns a foreign country. The investment risk associated is a multi-faceted element given that it reflects many aspects that are relevant to (foreign) investors, such as the level of transparency,...

The progressive deterioration of public finances in most developed countries, during the last two decades, prompted an extensive discussion on the effects of government deficits on the interest rate and, consequently, on employment and economic growth. The empirical literature, largely focused...