research arising from the genome case, the paper shows that in some fundamental research areas, where knowledge externalities … play an important role, market and non-market allocation mechanisms do coexist and should coexist in order to ensure … some features of an optimal research policy. …

research arising from the genome case, the paper shows that in some fundamental research areas, where knowledge externalities … play an important role, market and non-market allocation mechanisms do coexist and should coexist in order to ensure … some features of an optimal research policy …

We review the theory of fairness as it pertains to concretely specified problems of resource allocations. We present …, as well as various families extending these notions. We also introduce relational notions specifying how allocation rules … ownership is mixed. We offer a number of characterizations of particular allocation rules. …