Yu et al. (2008) establish asymptotic properties of quasi-maximum likelihood estimators for a stable spatial dynamic panel model with fixed effects when both the number of individuals n and the number of time periods T are large. This paper investigates unstable cases where there are unit roots...

This paper proposes the C(α)-type test in the GMM framework to test the possible presence of spatial correlation through the spatial lag in the spatial autoregressive (SAR) model. This test statistics is especially useful for the SAR model with disturbances under unknown heteroskedasticity. We...