Purpose of the article: Cities account for 60-80% of global energy consumption, and based on projections the development of urban areas will be the main engine of energy use growth in the future. Understanding and analysing the urban energy use and clarifying social and spatial inequalities is...

According to specialist literature, the current development of agglomerations is by large urban areas evolving by the expansion and structural transition of larger urban zones, where “the formerly hierarchic division of settlements with a different size and role is replaced by horizontal...