We show that the Wald statistic still identifies a causal effect if instrument monotonicity is replaced by a weaker condition, which states that the potential propensities to be treated with or without the instrument should have the same distribution, conditional on potential outcomes. This...

What shapes the size of a personal network of family and friends? We concentrates here on the effect of retirement from the work force. Retirement provides time to develop personal relationships; but it deprives from a potential supply of colleague friends. We draw evidence from a new question...

Being retired goes with more frequent participation in some social activities such as volunteering or going to a club. It also goes with an increase in the intensity of participation. To conclude about a causal effect of retirement we use the longitudinal SHARE data and an IV strategy. Indeed we...

This paper estimates the causal impact of retirement among the 50-69 year-old on Body Mass Index (BMI), the probability of being either overweight or obese and the probability of being obese. Based on the 2004, 2006 and 2010-11 waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe...

This paper estimates the causal effect of perceived job insecurity - i.e. the fear of involuntary job loss - on health in a sample of 22 European countries. We rely on an original instrumental variable approach based on the idea that workers perceive greater job security in countries where...

This document presents an overview of econometric tools recently developed for empirical ex post policy evaluation. The emphasis is laid on selection problems (how to disentangle the real effect of a policy from the personal features of the affected people), and on the practical issues of a...