This article analyzes the current frictions, and opportunities for evolution, in the U.S. dollar payment system, by viewing money through the lens of network effects, interoperability, and their legal underpinnings. It gives a lawyer’s perspective on the workings of the U.S. payment system and...

Take a close look at something that is widely used by the general public as "money"—a Federal Reserve note, a deposit with a bank, a balance with a nonbank payment company (such as PayPal or Venmo), or perhaps even a cryptocurrency—and ask what it means to use it as a store of value and a...

Banking organizations in the United States have long been subject to two broad categories of regulatory standards. The first is permissive: a "positive" grant of rights and privileges, typically via a charter for a corporate entity, to engage in the business of banking