Biased technological change plays an important role in the growth of total factor productivity, TFP. This paper measures TFP and decomposes it into biased technology and technical efficiency. We suggest an alternative production function of Zhang (2019) to generate consistent estimates. By using...

Purpose: In information economy era, innovation is the key to improve the competitiveness of enterprises. The traditional way of enterprise innovation is outdated and supply chain collaborative innovation has becoming popular. This paper aims to analyses the mechanism of knowledge sharing...