The ability to accurately assess local predation risk is critical to prey individuals, as it allows them to maximize threat-sensitive trade-offs between predator avoidance and other fitness related activities. A wide range of taxonomically diverse prey (including many freshwater fishes) relies...

Predation is an important selection pressure acting on prey behavior. Although numerous studies have shown that when predation risk is high, prey tend to increase vigilance and reduce foraging effort, until recently, few studies have looked at how temporal patterns of risk influence the...