The relationship between information flows and changes in asset prices is one of the main issues of financial economics. A fundamental assumption of the market efficiency hypothesis is that investors react to new information as it arrives. This reaction results in price changes that reflect...

In this paper, the authors explain the notion of long memory and report their results concerned with the long memory properties of trading volume and the volatility of stock returns (given by absolute returns and alternatively by square returns) of American companies listed in DJIA index. The...

This paper reviews previous contributions to trading volume theory and investigates the statistical properties of stock returns and trading volume using stock data of American companies included in the DJIA segment. Results are presented on a daily returns and volumes data basis for the whole...

Stock markets react to various information. One of the most important information concerns macroeconomic data because it describes the state of the economy. The U.S. is the world’s largest economy and thus American macroeconomic news announcements strongly affects European stock markets. In...

The COVID 19 pandemic has had a great impact on the European Union economies in many aspects, also with regard to the discussion on the future of EU climate policy. The plan to rebuild and support the European Union's economy, which is currently under discussion at European governments summits,...

Recent studies have shown that announcements of US macroeconomic news had significant impact on European stock markets. However, importance of information about the US economy may vary in time. In order to analyze this issue we examine impact of announcements of unexpected US macroeconomic news...

Abstract This paper investigates the association between different kinds of budgetary expenditure and economic growth of Poland. The empirical analysis makes use of linear and nonlinear Granger causality tests to evaluate the applicability of Wagner’s Law and that of the contrasting Keynesian...

The aim of this contribution is an investigation of causal interdependences between electricity consumption and GDP in Poland. Our research was conducted for total electricity consumption as well as for the industrial consumption of electricity. In order to reflect the causality between GDP and...

This study sought to examine the causal links between economic freedom and economic growth of new EU members in transition in the period 2000-2009. The empirical results suggest significant causality running from monetary and fiscal freedom, trade openness, regulation of credit, labour, and...

This paper examines the nexus between political instability and economic growth in 10 CEE countries in transition in the period 1990-2009. Our results support the contention that political instability defined as a propensity for government change had a negative impact on growth. On the other...